Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks (RAID) was introduced to increase the level of storage, redundancy and augmented performance in enterprises and server markets, but now have become much common with an end user over the past 5 years.
In simple terms, RAID can be defined as a combination of number of low cost hard drives linked together to form a single large capacity storage device with improved performance, high storage capacity and reliability of data storage. Use of RAID storage technology came into significance in late 1980s and has marked its presence as the in-demand data storage medium for corporates, professionals, manufacturing units and individual users for their need of high capacity data storage device.
Generally three forms of RAID are used for desktop computer systems – RAID 0, RAID 1 and RAID 5.
RAID 0 is the lowest level of RAID. This level fails to provide any level of redundancy for the data stored in array. If any of the drive fails, all the data is damaged.
RAID 1 provides simple form of redundancy for data with the help of mirroring process. This RAID level has two individual drives with same capacity. One is the active drive and the second is secondary drive termed as mirror. When data is written to the active drive, it automatically gets copied to the mirror drive.
RAID 5 is the most powerful and effective level of RAID used on desktop computer system. It requires hardware controller card to manage the array but in some desktop operating system it can be done through software.
A minimum of three drives are required to build RAID 5 array with similar drives for best performance.
Other levels of RAID levels are RAID 0+1, RAID 10 or 1+0, software and hardware RAIDs which are used for the storage of data.
Advantages of RAID:
Redundancy
Redundancy becomes the most important feature while developing the RAID server environment. Redundancy is required in means of performing backup of data in situations of drive failure in the array.
Capacity
By combining multiple small drives into a large array, capacity to store large amount of data increases. The data storage capability of the operating system increases as the RAID server is installed thus providing you the freedom to store any amount of data which gets restricted while using the limited size drives.
Enhanced Performance
Improved performance can be found in specific versions of RAID and this performance depends upon the number of drives used in the array and the controller. Different RAIDs when implemented provide superior performance in their own way and up to different levels, but all improve in some way or the other.
Lower Cost
When RAIDs were introduced, the cost of implementing them became a key issue. The invention of RAID was to provide greater storage capacity as compared to use individual high storage capacity device. Difference in the cost of high and low capacity drives can be analyzed with a good example where three drives of small size cost less than an individual high capacity drive which provides more capacity.
Data Security
The data which is stored on array is completely secured as RAID provides complete security and competence to protect the data. This security is followed even if the complete hard disk fails without any data loss or performing the restoration process of the backed up data. All RAID levels provide same degree of data security.
Improved Accessibility
Accessibility refers to availability of data. RAID provides its users to recover data from hardware faults without any problems.
Disadvantages of RAID:
RAIDs do give an assured security to the computer systems but this security cannot be relied upon for long time. If your PC gets attacked by virus, or files and folders are deleted or your PC hits the floor or is affected by the fire – water damage leads to such situations where you don’t have any other option other than opting for RAID data recovery services. There have been many cases when more than one drive has failed causing an expensive RAID data recovery.
Like such cases, anything is possible and constant backups should be maintained to avoid data loss situations even if you are using any reliable storage medium.
Conclusion:
It is agreed that RAID provides PC users with a number of benefits depending upon the version implemented. High storage capacity, security, accessibility, performance are the key features which attract users to opt for RAID. The advantage of one RAID level over the other cannot be measured as for some applications RAID 5 is better than RAID 0 and for some RAID 0 would be superior to RAID 5.
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